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How To Play Chess — draw game

Draw
A drawn game is another way of saying a game ends in a tie. Besides, stalemate, there are four ways that a game can be drawn, which are:

  • insufficient material on either side for a checkmate to ever happen
  • draw by repetition - The same board position is repeated three times
  • 50 move rule - if both sides have made 50 consecutive moves without a capture or pawn move
  • Agreement - both sides agree to draw

Draw by Insufficient Material
When there's insufficient material on the board, a checkmate can not happen. Insufficient material happens when:

  • Each side has nothing more than a king
  • Each side has nothing more than a king and a knight
  • Each side has nothing more than a king and a bishop

Draw by Repetition
Draw by repetition occurs when the same board position is repeated three times within a game. The best way to think about it is, imagine after each move, someone takes a picture of the board. If three of those pictures are the same throughout the course of a game, you have draw by repetition. Note that this rarely happens and usually indicates a game that is deadlocked with no real chance of resolution. Think about it. If a pawn moves, all of the "pictures" taken of the board beforehand have to be thrown away, since pawns can't move backwards and there's no way to repeat any of the previous pictures. The same thing holds true if a piece is captured. The board positions beforehand simply can not be repeated. It is meant to draw deadlocked games to a conclusion.

50 Move Stalemate
The 50 move rule is meant to cover the extremely rare instances in which draw by repetition doesn't kick in. As draw by repetition indicates, pawn movement and/or piece capture ensures that their will be no draw by repetition. If no piece capture or pawn movement occurs, yet draw by repetition doesn't happen, a draw by 50 move rule can still happen if this happens for 50 consecutive moves. Again, this is an extremely rare situation and usually happens when one side has nothing but a king and the other side, while having enough material to mate the king, doesn't know how to do so and lands up chasing the king around the board, perpetually checking them.

Draw by Agreement
Draw by agreement occurs, as the name implies, when both sides agree to the draw.

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